i. [Confessor] 5 L 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 Confessio Amantis 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 245 250 255 260 265 270 275 280 285 290 295 300 305 Confessor 310 315 320 L 326 330 335 340 345 350 355 360 365 370 375 380 385 390 395 L 400 405 410 415 420 425 430 435 439 Confessor 445 450 455 460 465 L 470 475 480 484 L 490 495 500 505 510 515 520 525 530 535 540 L 545 550 555 560 565 570 575 580 585 590 595 Confessor 599 Amans 605 610 Confessor 615 ii. [Confessor] 620 624 L 630 635 640 645 650 655 660 L 665 670 675 680 685 Confessio Amantis 690 695 700 705 710 715 720 725 730 735 739 Confessor Confessio Amantis 745 750 L 755 760 765 770 775 780 785 790 795 800 805 810 815 820 825 L 831 835 840 845 850 855 860 865 870 875 880 885 890 895 Amans 900 905 910 L 915 920 925 930 935 940 945 950 Confessor 955 960 965 L 970 974 L 980 985 990 995 1000 1005 1010 1015 1020 1025 1030 1035 1040 1045 1050 1055 1060 1065 1070 1075 1080 1085 1090 1095 1100 1105 Confessor 1111 1115 1120 1125 1130 1135 1140 1145 1150 1154 L 1160 1165 1170 1175 1180 1185 1190 1195 1200 1205 1210 1215 1220 1225 1230 1234 Confessor 1240 1245 1250 1255 1260 iii. [Confessor] 1265 L 1270 1275 1280 1285 1290 L 1295 1300 1305 1310 1315 1320 1325 1330 1335 1340 1345 1350 1355 Confessor 1359 Amans 1365 1370 Confessor 1375 1380 1385 1390 L 1395 1400 1405 1410 1415 1420 1425 1430 1435 1440 1445 1450 1455 1460 1465 1470 1475 1480 1485 1490 1495 1500 1505 1510 L 1515 1520 1525 1530 1535 1540 1545 1550 1555 1560 1565 L 1570 1575 1580 1585 1590 1595 1600 1605 1610 1615 1620 1625 1630 1635 1640 1645 1650 1655 1660 1665 1670 1675 1680 1685 1690 1695 1700 1705 1710 1715 1720 1725 1730 1735 1740 1745 1750 1755 1760 1765 1770 1775 1780 1785 1790 L 1795 1800 1805 1810 1815 1820 1825 1830 1835 1840 1845 1850 1855 1860 1865 1870 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1915 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060 2065 2070 2075 2080 2085 2090 2095 2100 2105 2110 2115 2120 2125 2130 2135 2140 2145 2150 2155 2160 2165 2170 2175 2180 2185 2190 2195 2200 2205 2210 2215 2220 2225 2230 2235 2240 2245 2250 2255 2260 2265 2270 2275 2280 2285 2290 2295 2300 2305 2310 2315 2320 2325 2330 2335 2340 2345 2350 2355 2360 2365 L 2370 2375 2380 2384 L 2390 Confessor 2395 2400 Amans 2405 2410 2415 2419 Confessor 2425 2430 2435 2440

Incipit Liber Sextus Est gula que nostrum maculauit prima parentem Ex vetito pomo, quo dolet omnis homo. Hec agit vt corpus anime contraria spirat, Quo caro fit crassa, spiritus atque macer. Intus et exterius si que virtutis habentur, Potibus ebrietas conviciata ruit. Mersa sopore, labris, que Bachus inebriat hospes, Indignata Venus oscula raro premit.1 "The grete senne original, Which every man in general Upon his berthe hath envenymed, In Paradis it was mystymed: Whan Adam of thilke appel bot, His swete morscel was to hot, Which dedly made the mankinde. And in the bokes as I finde, This vice, which so out of rule Hath sette ous alle, is cleped Gule, Of which the branches ben so grete, That of hem alle I wol noght trete, Bot only as touchende of tuo I thenke speke and of no mo; Wherof the ferste is Dronkeschipe, Which berth the cuppe felaschipe. Ful many a wonder doth this vice, He can make of a wisman nyce, And of a fool, that him schal seme That he can al the lawe deme, And given every juggement Which longeth to the firmament Bothe of the sterre and of the mone; And thus he makth a gret clerk sone Of him that is a lewed man. Ther is nothing which he ne can, Whil he hath Dronkeschipe on honde. He knowth the see, he knowth the stronde; He is a noble man of armes, And yit no strengthe is in his armes. Ther he was strong ynouh tofore, With Dronkeschipe it is forlore, And al is changed his astat, And wext anon so fieble and mat, That he mai nouther go ne come, Bot al togedre him is benome The pouer bothe of hond and fot, So that algate abide he mot. And alle hise wittes he forget, The which is to him such a let, That he wot nevere what he doth, Ne which is fals, ne which is soth, Ne which is dai, ne which is nyht, And for the time he knowth no wyht, That he ne wot so moche as this, What maner thing himselven is, Or he be man, or he be beste. That holde I riht a sori feste, Whan he that reson understod So soudeinliche is woxe wod, Or elles lich the dede man, Which nouther go ne speke can. Thus ofte he is to bedde broght, Bot where he lith yit wot he noght, Til he arise upon the morwe, And thanne he seith, 'O, which a sorwe It is a man be drinkeles!' So that halfdrunke in such a res With dreie mouth he sterte him uppe, And seith, 'Nou baillez ça the cuppe.' That made him lese his wit at eve Is thanne a morwe al his beleve; The cuppe is al that evere him pleseth, And also that him most deseseth. It is the cuppe whom he serveth, Which alle cares fro him kerveth And alle bales to him bringeth: In joie he wepth, in sorwe he singeth, For Dronkeschipe is so divers, It may no whyle stonde in vers. He drinkth the wyn, bot ate laste The wyn drynkth him and bint him faste, And leith him drunke be the wal, As him which is his bonde thral And al in his subjeccion. [Drunkenness of Lovers] And lich to such condicion, As for to speke it other wise, It falleth that the moste wise Ben otherwhile of love adoted, And so bewhaped and assoted, Of drunke men that nevere yit Was non, which half so loste his wit Of drinke, as thei of such thing do Which cleped is the jolif wo; And waxen of here oghne thoght So drunke, that thei knowe noght What reson is, or more or lesse. Such is the kinde of that sieknesse, And that is noght for lacke of brain, Bot love is of so gret a main, That where he takth an herte on honde, Ther mai nothing his miht withstonde. The wise Salomon was nome, And stronge Sampson overcome, The knihtli David him ne mihte Rescoue, that he with the sihte Of Bersabee ne was bestad. Virgile also was overlad, And Aristotle was put under. Forthi, mi sone, it is no wonder If thou be drunke of love among, Which is above alle othre strong. And if so is that thou so be, Tell me thi schrifte in privité; It is no schame of such a thew A yong man to be dronkelew. Of such phisique I can a part, And as me semeth be that art, Thou scholdest be phisonomie Be schapen to that maladie Of lovedrunke, and that is routhe." "Ha, holi fader, al is trouthe That ye me telle: I am beknowe That I with love am so bethrowe, And al myn herte is so thurgh sunke, That I am verrailiche drunke, And yit I mai bothe speke and go. Bot I am overcome so, And torned fro miself so clene, That ofte I wot noght what I mene; So that excusen I ne mai Min herte, fro the ferste day That I cam to mi ladi kiththe, I was yit sobre nevere siththe. Wher I hire se or se hire noght, With musinge of min oghne thoght, Of love, which min herte assaileth, So drunke I am, that mi wit faileth And al mi brain is overtorned, And mi manere so mistorned, That I forgete al that I can And stonde lich a mased man; That ofte, whanne I scholde pleie, It makth me drawe out of the weie In soulein place be miselve, As doth a labourer to delve, Which can no gentil mannes chere. Or elles as a lewed frere, Whan he is put to his penance, Riht so lese I mi contienance. And if it nedes so betyde, That I in compainie abyde, Wher as I moste daunce and singe The hovedance and carolinge, Or for to go the newefot, I mai noght wel heve up mi fot, If that sche be noght in the weie. For thanne is al mi merthe aweie, And waxe anon of thoght so full, Wherof mi limes ben so dull I mai unethes gon the pas. For thus it is and evere was, Whanne I on suche thoghtes muse, The lust and merthe that men use, Whan I se noght mi ladi byme, Al is forgete for the time So ferforth that mi wittes changen And alle lustes fro me strangen, That thei seie alle trewely And swere that it am noght I. For as the man which ofte drinketh, With wyn that in his stomac sinketh Wext drunke and witles for a throwe, Riht so mi lust is overthrowe, And of myn oghne thoght so mat I wexe that to myn astat Ther is no lime wol me serve, Bot as a drunke man I swerve And suffre such a passion That men have gret compassion, And everich be himself merveilleth What thing it is that me so eilleth. Such is the manere of mi wo Which time that I am hire fro, Til eft agein that I hire se. Bot thanne it were a nyceté To telle you hou that I fare. For whanne I mai upon hire stare, Hire wommanhede, hire gentilesse, Myn herte is full of such gladnesse, That overpasseth so mi wit, That I wot nevere where it sit, Bot am so drunken of that sihte, Me thenkth that for the time I mihte Riht sterte thurgh the hole wall; And thanne I mai wel, if I schal, Bothe singe and daunce and lepe aboute, And holde forth the lusti route. Bot natheles it falleth so Fulofte, that I fro hire go Ne mai, bot as it were a stake, I stonde avisement to take And loke upon hire faire face; That for the while out of the place For al the world ne myhte I wende. Such lust comth thanne into mi mende, So that withoute mete or drinke, Of lusti thoughtes whiche I thinke Me thenkth I mihte stonden evere. And so it were to me levere Than such a sihte for to leve, If that sche wolde gif me leve To have so mochel of mi wille. And thus thenkende I stonde stille Withoute blenchinge of myn yhe, Riht as me thoghte that I syhe Of Paradis the moste joie. And so therwhile I me rejoie, Into myn herte a gret desir, The which is hotere than the fyr, Al soudeinliche upon me renneth, That al mi thoght withinne brenneth, And am so ferforth overcome, That I not where I am become; So that among the hetes stronge In stede of drinke I underfonge A thoght so swete in mi corage, That nevere pyment ne vernage Was half so swete for to drinke. For as I wolde, thanne I thinke As thogh I were at myn above, For so thurgh drunke I am of love, That al that mi sotye demeth Is soth, as thanne it to me semeth. And whyle I mai tho thoghtes kepe, Me thenkth as thogh I were aslepe And that I were in Goddes barm; Bot whanne I se myn oghne harm, And that I soudeinliche awake Out of my thought, and hiede take Hou that the sothe stant in dede, Thanne is mi sekernesse in drede And joie torned into wo, So that the hete is al ago Of such sotie as I was inne. And thanne ageinward I beginne To take of love a newe thorst, The which me grieveth altherworst, For thanne comth the blanche fievere, With chele and makth me so to chievere, And so it coldeth at myn herte, That wonder is hou I asterte, In such a point that I ne deie. For certes ther was nevere keie Ne frosen ys upon the wal More inly cold than I am al. And thus soffre I the hote chele, Which passeth othre peines fele. In cold I brenne and frese in hete. And thanne I drinke a biter swete With dreie lippe and yhen wete. Lo, thus I tempre mi diete, And take a drauhte of such reles, That al mi wit is herteles, And al myn herte, ther it sit, Is, as who seith, withoute wit. So that to prove it be reson In makinge of comparison Ther mai no difference be Betwen a drunke man and me. Bot al the worste of everychon Is evere that I thurste in on; The more that myn herte drinketh, The more I may; so that me thinketh, My thurst schal nevere ben aqueint. God schilde that I be noght dreint Of such a superfluité, For wel I fiele in mi degré That al mi wit is overcast, Wherof I am the more agast, That in defaulte of ladischipe Per chance in such a drunkeschipe I mai be ded er I be war. For certes, fader, this I dar Beknowe and in mi schrifte telle: Bot I a drauhte have of that welle, In which mi deth is and mi lif, Mi joie is torned into strif, That sobre schal I nevere worthe, Bot as a drunke man forworthe; So that in londe where I fare The lust is lore of mi welfare, As he that mai no bote finde. Bot this me thenkth a wonder kinde, As I am drunke of that I drinke, So am I ek for falte of drinke; Of which I finde no reles. Bot if I myhte natheles Of such a drinke as I coveite, So as me liste, have o receite, I scholde assobre and fare wel. Bot so Fortune upon hire whiel On hih me deigneth noght to sette, Foreveremore I finde a lette. The boteler is noght mi frend, Which hath the keie be the bend; I mai wel wisshe and that is wast, For wel I wot, so freissh a tast, Bot if mi grace be the more, I schal assaie neveremore. Thus am I drunke of that I se, For tastinge is defended me, And I can noght miselven stanche. So that, mi fader, of this branche I am gultif, to telle trouthe." "Mi sone, that me thenketh routhe; For lovedrunke is the meschief Above alle othre the most chief, If he no lusti thoght assaie, Which mai his sori thurst allaie. As for the time yit it lisseth To him which other joie misseth. Forthi, mi sone, aboven alle Thenk wel, hou so it thee befalle, And kep thi wittes that thou hast, And let hem noght be drunke in wast. Bot natheles ther is no wyht That mai withstonde loves miht. Bot why the cause is, as I finde, Of that ther is diverse kinde Of lovedrunke, why men pleigneth After the court which al ordeigneth, I wol thee tellen the manere; Nou lest, mi sone, and thou schalt hiere. [Tale of Jupiter and the Two Casks] For the fortune of every chance After the goddes pourveance To man it groweth from above, So that the sped of every love Is schape there, er it befalle. For Jupiter aboven alle, Which is of goddes soverein, Hath in his celier, as men sein, Tuo tonnes fulle of love drinke That maken many an herte sinke And many an herte also to flete, Or of the soure or of the swete. That on is full of such piment, Which passeth all entendement Of mannes witt, if he it taste, And makth a jolif herte in haste. That other biter as the galle, Which makth a mannes herte palle, Whos drunkeschipe is a sieknesse. Thurgh fielinge of the biternesse. Cupide is boteler of bothe, Which to the lieve and to the lothe Gifth of the swete and of the soure, That some lawhe, and some loure. Bot for so moche as he blind is, Fulofte time he goth amis And takth the badde for the goode, Which hindreth many a mannes fode Withoute cause, and forthreth eke. So be ther some of love seke, Whiche oghte of reson to ben hole, And some comen to the dole In happ and as hemselve leste Drinke undeserved of the beste. And thus this blinde boteler Gifth of the trouble in stede of cler And ek the cler in stede of trouble: Lo, hou he can the hertes trouble, And makth men drunke al upon chaunce Withoute lawe of governance. If he drawe of the swete tonne, Thanne is the sorwe al overronne Of lovedrunke, and schalt noght greven So to be drunken every even, For al is thanne bot a game. Bot whanne it is noght of the same, And he the biter tonne draweth, Such drunkeschipe an herte gnaweth And fiebleth al a mannes thoght, That betre him were have drunke noght And al his bred have eten dreie; For thanne he lest his lusti weie With drunkeschipe, and wot noght whider To go, the weies ben so slider, In which he mai per cas so falle, That he schal breke his wittes alle. And in this wise men be drunke After the drink that thei have drunke. Bot alle drinken noght alike, For som schal singe and som schal syke, So that it me nothing merveilleth, Mi sone, of love that thee eilleth; For wel I knowe be thi tale, That thou hast drunken of the duale, Which biter is, til God thee sende Such grace that thou miht amende. Bot, sone, thou schalt bidde and preie In such a wise as I schal seie, That thou the lusti welle atteigne Thi wofull thurstes to restreigne Of love, and taste the swetnesse, As Bachus dede in his distresse, Whan bodiliche thurst him hente In strange londes where he wente. [Prayer of Bacchus in the Desert] This Bachus sone of Jupiter Was hote, and as he wente fer Be his fadres assignement To make a werre in Orient, And gret pouer with him he ladde, So that the heiere hond he hadde And victoire of his enemys, And torneth homward with his pris, In such a contré which was dreie A meschief fell upon the weie. As he rod with his compainie Nyh to the strondes of Lubie, Ther myhte thei no drinke finde Of water nor of other kinde, So that himself and al his host Were of defalte of drinke almost Destruid, and thanne Bachus preide To Jupiter, and thus he seide: 'O hihe fader, that sest al, To whom is reson that I schal Beseche and preie in every nede, Behold, mi fader, and tak hiede This wofull thurst that we ben inne To staunche, and grante ous for to winne, And sauf unto the contré fare Wher that oure lusti loves are Waitende upon oure homcominge.' And with the vois of his preiynge, Which herd was to the goddes hihe, He syh anon tofore his yhe A wether, which the ground hath sporned; And wher he hath it overtorned, Ther sprang a welle, freissh and cler, Wherof his oghne boteler After the lustes of his wille Was every man to drinke his fille. And for this ilke grete grace Bachus upon the same place A riche temple let arere, Which evere scholde stonde there To thursti men in remembrance. Forthi, mi sone, after this chance It sit thee wel to taken hiede So for to preie upon thi nede, As Bachus preide for the welle; And thenk, as thou hast herd me telle, Hou grace he gradde and grace he hadde. He was no fol that ferst so radde, For selden get a domb man lond. Tak that proverbe, and understond That wordes ben of vertu grete. Forthi to speke thou ne lete, And axe and prei erli and late Thi thurst to quenche, and thenk algate, The boteler which berth the keie Is blind, as thou hast herd me seie. And if it mihte so betyde, That he upon the blinde side Per cas the swete tonne arauhte, Than schalt thou have a lusti drauhte And waxe of lovedrunke sobre. And thus I rede thou assobre Thin herte in hope of such a grace, For drunkeschipe in every place, To whether side that it torne, Doth harm and makth a man to sporne And ofte falle in such a wise, Wher he per cas mai noght arise. [Tristram and Isolde] And for to loke in evidence Upon the sothe experience, So as it hath befalle er this, In every mannes mouth it is Hou Tristram was of love drunke With Bele Ysolde, whan thei drunke The drink which Brangwein hem betok, Er that king Marc his eem hire tok To wyve, as it was after knowe. And ek, mi sone, if thou wolt knowe, As it hath fallen overmore In loves cause, and what is more Of drunkeschipe for to drede, As it whilom befell in dede, Wherof thou miht the betre eschuie Of drunke men that thou ne suie The compaignie in no manere, A gret ensample thou schalt hiere. [Marriage of Pirithous] This finde I write in poesie Of thilke faire Ipotacie, Of whos beauté ther as sche was Spak every man; and fell, per cas, That Pirotous so him spedde, That he to wyve hire scholde wedde, Wherof that he gret joie made. And for he wolde his love glade, Agein the day of mariage Be mouthe bothe and be message Hise frendes to the fest he preide, With gret worschipe and, as men seide, He hath this yonge ladi spoused. And whan that thei were alle housed, And set and served ate mete, Ther was no wyn which mai be gete, That ther ne was plenté ynouh: Bot Bachus thilke tonne drouh, Wherof be weie of drunkeschipe The greteste of the felaschipe Were oute of reson overtake; And Venus, which hath also take The cause most in special, Hath gove hem drinke forth withal Of thilke cuppe which exciteth The lust wherinne a man deliteth. And thus be double weie drunke, Of lust that ilke fyri funke Hath mad hem, as who seith, halfwode, That thei no reson understode, Ne to non other thing thei syhen, Bot hire, which tofore here yhen Was wedded thilke same day, That freisshe wif, that lusti may, On hire it was al that thei thoghten. And so ferforth here lustes soghten, That thei the whiche named were Centauri, ate feste there Of on assent, of on acord This yonge wif, malgré hire lord, In such a rage awei forth ladden, As thei whiche non insihte hadden Bot only to her drunke fare, Which many a man hath mad misfare In love als wel as other weie. Wherof, if I schal more seie Upon the nature of the vice, Of custume and of excercice The mannes grace hou it fordoth, A tale, which was whilom soth, Of fooles that so drunken were, I schal reherce unto thin ere. [Tale of Galba and Vitellius] I rede in a cronique thus Of Galba and of Vitellus, The whiche of Spaigne bothe were The greteste of alle othre there, And bothe of o condicion After the disposicion Of glotonie and drunkeschipe. That was a sori felaschipe, For this thou miht wel understonde, That man mai wel noght longe stonde Which is wyndrunke of comun us, For he hath lore the vertus Wherof reson him scholde clothe. And that was seene upon hem bothe. Men sein ther is non evidence, Wherof to knowe a difference Betwen the drunken and the wode, For thei be never nouther goode; For wher that wyn doth wit aweie, Wisdom hath lost the rihte weie, That he no maner vice dredeth. No more than a blind man thredeth His nedle be the sonnes lyht, No more is reson thanne of myht, Whan he with drunkeschipe is blent. And in this point thei weren schent, This Galba bothe and ek Vitelle, Upon the cause as I schal telle, Wherof good is to taken hiede. For thei tuo thurgh her drunkenhiede Of witles excitacioun Oppressede al the nacion Of Spaigne; for of fool usance, Which don was of continuance Of hem which alday drunken were, Ther was no wif ne maiden there, What so thei were, or faire or foule, Whom thei ne token to defoule, Wherof the lond was often wo: And ek in othre thinges mo Thei wroghten many a sondri wrong. Bot hou so that the dai be long, The derke nyht comth ate laste. God wolde noght thei scholden laste And schop the lawe in such a wise, That thei thurgh dom to the juise Be dampned for to be forlore. Bot thei, that hadden ben tofore Enclin to alle drunkenesse, Here ende thanne bar witnesse; For thei in hope to assuage The peine of deth, upon the rage That thei the lasse scholden fiele, Of wyn let fille full a miele And dronken til so was befalle That thei her strengthes losten alle Withouten wit of eny brain. And thus thei ben halfdede slain, That hem ne grieveth bot a lyte. Mi sone, if thou be for to wyte In eny point which I have seid, Wherof thi wittes ben unteid, I rede clepe hem hom agein." "I schal do, fader, as ye sein, Als ferforth as I mai suffise; Bot wel I wot that in no wise The drunkeschipe of love aweie I mai remue be no weie, It stant noght upon my fortune. Bot if you liste to comune Of the seconde Glotonie, Which cleped is Delicacie, Wherof ye spieken hier tofore, Beseche I wolde you therfore." "Mi sone, as of that ilke vice, Which of alle othre is the norrice, And stant upon the retenue Of Venus, so as it is due, The propreté hou that it fareth The bok hierafter nou declareth." [Delicacy] Delicie cum diuiciis sunt iura potentum, In quibus orta Venus excitat ora gule. Non sunt delicie tales, que corpora pascunt, Ex quibus impletus gaudia venter agit, Quin completus amor maiori munere gaudet, Cum data deliciis mens in amante satur.2 "Of this chapitre in which we trete There is yit on of such diete To which no povere mai atteigne, For al is past of paindemeine And sondri wyn and sondri drinke, Wherof that he wole ete and drinke. Hise cokes ben for him affaited, So that his body is awaited, That him schal lacke no delit, Als ferforth as his appetit Sufficeth to the metes hote. Wherof this lusti vice is hote Of Gule the Delicacie, Which al the hole progenie Of lusti folk hath undertake To feede, whil that he mai take Richesses wherof to be founde. Of Abstinence he wot no bounde, To what profit it scholde serve. And yit phisique of his conserve Makth many a restauracioun Unto his recreacioun, Which wolde be to Venus lief. Thus for the point of his relief The coc which schal his mete arraie, Bot he the betre his mouth assaie, His lordes thonk schal ofte lese, Er he be served to the chese. For ther mai lacke noght so lyte, That he ne fint anon a wyte; For bot his lust be fully served, Ther hath no wiht his thonk deserved. And yit for mannes sustenance, To kepe and holde in governance, To him that wole his hele get Is non so good as comun mete. For who that loketh on the bokes, It seith, confeccion of cokes, A man him scholde wel avise Hou he it toke and in what wise. For who that useth that he knoweth, Ful selden seknesse on him groweth; And who that useth metes strange, Though his nature empeire and change It is no wonder, lieve sone, Whan that he doth agein his wone. For in phisique this I finde, Usage is the seconde kinde. [Delicacy of Lovers] And riht so changeth his astat He that of love is delicat. For though he hadde to his hond The beste wif of al the lond, Or the faireste love of alle, Yit wolde his herte on othre falle And thenke hem mor delicious Than he hath in his oghne hous. Men sein it is nou ofte so; Avise hem wel, thei that so do. And for to speke in other weie, Fulofte time I have herd seie, That he which hath no love achieved, Him thenkth that he is noght relieved, Thogh that his ladi make him chiere, So as sche mai in good manere Hir honour and hir name save, Bot he the surplus mihte have. Nothing withstondende hire astat, Of love more delicat He set hire chiere at no delit, Bot he have al his appetit. Mi sone, if it be with thee so, Tell me." "Myn holi fader, no: For delicat in such a wise Of love, as ye to me devise Ne was I nevere yit gultif; For if I hadde such a wif As ye speke of, what scholde I more? For thanne I wolde neveremore For lust of eny wommanhiede Myn herte upon non other fiede. And if I dede, it were a wast. Bot al withoute such repast Of lust, as ye me tolde above, Of wif, or yit of other love, I faste, and mai no fode gete, So that for lacke of deinté mete, Of which an herte mai be fedd, I go fastende to my bedd. Bot myhte I geten, as ye tolde, So mochel that mi ladi wolde Me fede with hir glad semblant, Though me lacke al the remenant, Yit scholde I somdel ben abeched And for the time wel refreched. Bot certes, fader, sche ne doth; For in good feith, to telle soth, I trowe, thogh I scholde sterve, Sche wolde noght hire yhe swerve, Mine herte with o goodly lok To fede, and thus for such a cok I mai go fastinge everemo. Bot if so is that eny wo Mai fede a mannes herte wel, Therof I have at every meel Of plenté more than ynowh; Bot that is of himself so towh, Mi stomac mai it noght defie. Lo, such is the delicacie Of love, which myn herte fedeth. Thus have I lacke of that me nedeth. Bot for al this yit natheles I seie noght I am gylteles, That I somdel am delicat. For elles were I fulli mat, Bot if that I som lusti stounde Of confort and of ese founde, To take of love som repast; For thogh I with the fulle tast The lust of love mai noght fiele, Min hunger otherwise I kiele Of smale lustes whiche I pike, And for a time yit thei like, If that ye wisten what I mene." "Nou, goode sone, schrif thee clene Of suche deyntes as ben goode, Wherof thou takst thin hertes fode." "Mi fader, I you schal reherce, Hou that mi fodes ben diverse, So as thei fallen in degré. O fiedinge is of that I se, Another is of that I here, The thridde, as I schal tellen here, It groweth of min oghne thoght, And elles scholde I live noght; For whom that failleth fode of herte, He mai noght wel the deth asterte. Of sihte is al mi ferste fode, Thurgh which myn yhe of alle goode Hath that to him is acordant, A lusti fode sufficant. Whan that I go toward the place Wher I schal se my ladi face, Min yhe, which is loth to faste, Beginth to hungre anon so faste, That him thenkth of on houre thre, Til I ther come and he hire se. And thanne after his appetit He takth a fode of such delit, That him non other deynté nedeth. Of sondri sihtes he him fedeth. He seth hire face of such colour, That freisshere is than eny flour, He seth hire front is large and plein Withoute fronce of eny grein, He seth hire yhen lich an hevene, He seth hire nase strauht and evene, He seth hire rode upon the cheke, He seth hire rede lippes eke, Hire chyn acordeth to the face, Al that he seth is full of grace, He seth hire necke round and clene, Therinne mai no bon be sene, He seth hire handes faire and whyte; For al this thing without wyte He mai se naked ate leste, So is it wel the more feste And wel the more Delicacie Unto the fiedinge of myn yhe. He seth hire schapthe forth withal, Hire bodi round, hire middel smal, So wel begon with good array, Which passeth al the lust of Maii, Whan he is most with softe schoures Ful clothed in his lusti floures. With suche sihtes by and by Min yhe is fed; bot finaly, Whan he the port and the manere Seth of hire wommanysshe chere, Than hath he such delice on honde, Him thenkth he mihte stille stonde, And that he hath ful sufficance Of liflode and of sustienance As to his part foreveremo. And if it thoghte alle othre so, Fro thenne wolde he nevere wende, Bot there unto the worldes ende He wolde abyde, if that he mihte, And fieden him upon the syhte. For thogh I mihte stonden ay Into the time of Domesday And loke upon hire evere in on, Yit whanne I scholde fro hire gon, Min yhe wolde, as thogh he faste, Ben hungerstorven al so faste, Til efte agein that he hire syhe. Such is the nature of myn yhe. Ther is no lust so deintefull, Of which a man schal noght be full, Of that the stomac underfongeth, Bot evere in on myn yhe longeth. For loke hou that a goshauk tireth, Riht so doth he, whan that he pireth And toteth on hire wommanhiede. For he mai nevere fulli fiede His lust, bot evere aliche sore Him hungreth, so that he the more Desireth to be fed algate. And thus myn yhe is mad the gate, Thurgh which the deyntes of my thoght Of lust ben to myn herte broght. Riht as myn yhe with his lok Is to myn herte a lusti coc Of loves fode delicat, Riht so myn ere in his astat, Wher as myn yhe mai noght serve, Can wel myn hertes thonk deserve And fieden him fro day to day With suche deyntes as he may. For thus it is, that overal, Wher as I come in special, I mai hiere of mi ladi pris; I hiere on seith that sche is wys, Another seith that sche is good, And som men sein, of worthi blod That sche is come, and is also So fair, that nawher is non so; And som men preise hire goodli chiere. Thus every thing that I mai hiere, Which souneth to mi ladi goode, Is to myn ere a lusti foode. And ek min ere hath over this A deynté feste, whan so is That I mai hiere hirselve speke. For thanne anon mi faste I breke On suche wordes as sche seith, That full of trouthe and full of feith Thei ben, and of so good desport, That to myn ere gret confort Thei don, as thei that ben delices. For al the metes and the spices, That eny Lombard couthe make, Ne be so lusti for to take Ne so ferforth restauratif, I seie as for myn oghne lif, As ben the wordes of hire mouth. For as the wyndes of the south Ben most of alle debonaire, So whan hir list to speke faire, The vertu of hire goodly speche Is verraily myn hertes leche. And if it so befalle among, That sche carole upon a song, Whan I it hiere I am so fedd, That I am fro miself so ledd, As thogh I were in paradis. For certes, as to myn avis, Whan I here of hir vois the stevene, Me thenkth it is a blisse of hevene. And ek in other wise also Fulofte time it falleth so, Min ere with a good pitance Is fedd of redinge of romance Of Ydoine and of Amadas, That whilom weren in mi cas, And eke of othre many a score, That loveden longe er I was bore. For whan I of here loves rede, Min ere with the tale I fede; And with the lust of here histoire Somtime I drawe into memoire Hou sorwe mai noght evere laste; And so comth hope in ate laste, Whan I non other fode knowe. And that endureth bot a throwe, Riht as it were a cherie feste; Bot for to compten ate leste, As for the while yit it eseth And somdel of myn herte appeseth. For what thing to myn ere spreedeth, Which is plesant, somdel it feedeth With wordes suche as he mai gete Mi lust, instede of other mete. Lo thus, mi fader, as I seie, Of lust the which myn yhe hath seie, And ek of that myn ere hath herd, Fulofte I have the betre ferd. And tho tuo bringen in the thridde, The which hath in myn herte amidde His place take, to arraie The lusti fode, which assaie I mot; and nameliche on nyhtes, Whan that me lacketh alle sihtes, And that myn heringe is aweie. Thanne is he redy in the weie Mi rere souper for to make, Of which myn hertes fode I take. This lusti cokes name is hote Thoght, which hath evere hise pottes hote Of love buillende on the fyr With fantasie and with desir, Of whiche er this fulofte he fedde Min herte, whanne I was abedde; And thanne he set upon my bord Bothe every syhte and every word Of lust which I have herd or sein. Bot yit is noght mi feste al plein, Bot al of woldes and of wisshes, Therof have I my fulle disshes, Bot as of fielinge and of tast, Yit mihte I nevere have o repast. And thus, as I have seid aforn, I licke hony on the thorn, And as who seith, upon the bridel I chiewe, so that al is ydel As in effect the fode I have. Bot as a man that wolde him save Whan he is sek, be medicine, Riht so of love the famine I fonde in al that evere I mai To fiede and dryve forth the day, Til I mai have the grete feste, Which al myn hunger myhte areste. Lo suche ben mi lustes thre; Of that I thenke and hiere and se I take of love my fiedinge Withoute tastinge or fielinge: And as the plover doth of eir I live, and am in good espeir That for no such delicacie I trowe I do no glotonie. And natheles to youre avis, Min holi fader, that be wis, I recomande myn astat Of that I have be delicat." "Mi sone, I understonde wel That thou hast told hier everydel, And as me thenketh be thi tale, It ben delices wonder smale, Wherof thou takst thi loves fode. Bot, sone, if that thou understode What is to ben delicious, Thou woldest noght be curious Upon the lust of thin astat To ben to sore delicat, Wherof that thou reson excede. For in the bokes thou myht rede, If mannes wisdom schal be suied, It oghte wel to ben eschuied In love als wel as other weie. For, as these holi bokes seie, The bodely delices alle In every point, hou so thei falle, Unto the soule don grievance. And for to take in remembrance, A tale acordant unto this, Which of gret understondinge is To mannes soule resonable, I thenke telle, and is no fable. [Tale of Dives and Lazarus] Of Cristes word, who wole it rede, Hou that this vice is for to drede In th'evangile it telleth plein, Which mot algate be certein, For Crist Himself it berth witnesse. And thogh the clerk and the clergesse In Latin tunge it rede and singe, Yit for the more knoulechinge Of trouthe, which is good to wite, I schal declare as it is write In Engleissh, for thus it began. Crist seith: 'Ther was a riche man, A mihti lord of gret astat, And he was ek so delicat Of his clothing, that everyday Of pourpre and bisse he made him gay, And eet and drank therto his fille After the lustes of his wille, As he which al stod in delice And tok non hiede of thilke vice. And as it scholde so betyde, A povere lazre upon a tyde Cam to the gate and axed mete. Bot there mihte he nothing gete His dedly hunger for to stanche, For he, which hadde his fulle panche Of alle lustes ate bord, Ne deigneth noght to speke a word, Onliche a crumme for to give, Wherof the povere myhte live Upon the gifte of his almesse. Thus lai this povere in gret destresse Acold and hungred ate gate, Fro which he mihte go no gate, So was he wofulli besein. And as these holi bokes sein, The houndes comen fro the halle, Wher that this sike man was falle, And as he lay ther for to die, The woundes of his maladie Thei licken for to don him ese. Bot he was full of such desese That he mai noght the deth eschape, Bot as it was that time schape, The soule fro the bodi passeth, And He whom nothing overpasseth, The hihe God, up to the hevene Him tok, wher He hath set him evene In Habrahammes barm on hyh, Wher he the hevene joie syh And hadde al that he have wolde. And fell, as it befalle scholde, This riche man the same throwe With soudein deth was overthrowe, And forth withouten eny wente Into the helle straght he wente. The fend into the fyr him drouh, Wher that he hadde peine ynouh Of flamme which that evere brenneth. And as his yhe aboute renneth, Toward the hevene he cast his lok, Wher that he syh and hiede tok Hou Lazar set was in his se Als ferr as evere he mihte se With Habraham; and thanne he preide Unto the patriarch and seide: "Send Lazar doun fro thilke sete, And do that he his finger wete In water, so that he mai droppe Upon my tunge, for to stoppe The grete hete in which I brenne." Bot Habraham answerde thenne And seide to him in this wise: "Mi Sone, thou thee miht avise And take into thi remembrance, Hou Lazar hadde gret penance, Whyl he was in that other lif, Bot thou in al thi lust jolif The bodily delices soghtest. Forthi, so as thou thanne wroghtest, Nou schalt thou take thi reward Of dedly peine hierafterward In helle, which schal evere laste; And this Lazar nou ate laste The worldes peine is overronne, In hevene and hath his lif begonne Of joie, which is endeles. Bot that thou preidest natheles, That I schal Lazar to thee sende With water on his finger ende, Thin hote tunge for to kiele, Thou schalt no suche graces fiele; For to that foule place of sinne, Forevere in which thou schalt ben inne, Comth non out of this place thider, Ne non of you mai comen hider; Thus be yee parted nou atuo." The riche ageinward cride tho: "O Habraham, sithe it so is, That Lazar mai noght do me this Which I have axed in this place, I wolde preie another grace. For I have yit of brethren fyve, That with mi fader ben alyve Togedre duellende in on hous; To whom, as thou art gracious, I preie that thou woldest sende Lazar, so that he mihte wende To warne hem hou the world is went, That afterward thei be noght schent Of suche peines as I drye. Lo, this I preie and this I crie, Now I may noght miself amende." The patriarch anon suiende To his preiere ansuerde nay, And seide him hou that everyday His brethren mihten knowe and hiere Of Moises on erthe hiere And of prophetes othre mo, What hem was best. And he seith no; Bot if ther mihte a man aryse Fro deth to lyve in such a wise, To tellen hem hou that it were, He seide hou thanne of pure fere Thei scholden wel be war therby. Quod Habraham: "Nay sikerly; For if thei nou wol noght obeie To suche as techen hem the weie, And alday preche and alday telle Hou that it stant of hevene and helle, Thei wol noght thanne taken hiede, Thogh it befelle so in dede That eny ded man were arered, To ben of him no betre lered Than of another man alyve."' If thou, mi sone, canst descryve This tale, as Crist Himself it tolde, Thou schalt have cause to beholde, To se so gret an evidence, Wherof the sothe experience Hath schewed openliche at ye, That bodili delicacie Of him which geveth non almesse Schal after falle in gret destresse, And that was sene upon the riche. For he ne wolde unto his liche A crumme given of his bred. Thanne afterward, whan he was ded, A drope of water him was werned. Thus mai a mannes wit be lerned Of hem that so delices taken; Whan thei with deth ben overtaken, That erst was swete is thanne sour. Bot he that is a governour Of worldes good, if he be wys, Withinne his herte he set no pris Of al the world, and yit he useth The good that he nothing refuseth, As he which lord is of the thinges. The nouches and the riche ringes, The cloth of gold and the perrie He takth, and yit delicacie He leveth, thogh he were al this. The beste mete that ther is He ett, and drinkth the beste drinke; Bot hou that evere he ete or drinke, Delicacie he put aweie, As he which goth the rihte weie Noght only for to fiede and clothe His bodi, bot his soule bothe. Bot thei that taken otherwise Here lustes, ben none of the wise; And that whilom was schewed eke, If thou these olde bokes seke, Als wel be reson as be kinde, Of olde ensample as men mai finde. [Nero's Sensuality] What man that wolde him wel avise, Delicacie is to despise, Whan kinde acordeth noght withal; Wherof ensample in special Of Nero whilom mai be told, Which agein kinde manyfold Hise lustes tok, til ate laste That God him wolde al overcaste; Of whom the cronique is so plein, Me list no more of him to sein. And natheles for glotonie Of bodili Delicacie, To knowe his stomak hou it ferde, Of that no man tofore herde, Which he withinne himself bethoghte, A wonder soubtil thing he wroghte. Thre men upon eleccioun Of age and of complexioun Lich to himself be alle weie He tok towardes him to pleie, And ete and drinke als wel as he. Therof was no diversité. For every day whan that thei eete, Tofore his oghne bord thei seete, And of such mete as he was served, Althogh thei hadde it noght deserved, Thei token service of the same. Bot afterward al thilke game Was into wofull ernest torned; For whan thei weren thus sojorned, Withinne a time at after mete Nero, which hadde noght forgete The lustes of his frele astat, As he which al was delicat, To knowe thilke experience, The men lete come in his presence. And to that on the same tyde, A courser that he scholde ryde Into the feld, anon he bad; Wherof this man was wonder glad, And goth to prike and prance aboute. That other, whil that he was oute, He leide upon his bedd to slepe: The thridde, which he wolde kepe Withinne his chambre, faire and softe He goth now doun nou up fulofte, Walkende a pass, that he ne slepte, Til he which on the courser lepte Was come fro the field agein. Nero thanne, as the bokes sein, These men doth taken alle thre And slouh hem, for he wolde se The whos stomak was best defied. And whanne he hath the sothe tryed, He fond that he which goth the pass Defyed best of alle was, Which afterward he usede ay. And thus what thing unto his pay Was most plesant, he lefte non. With every lust he was begon, Wherof the bodi myhte glade, For he non abstinence made; Bot most above alle erthli thinges Of wommen unto the likinges Nero sette al his hole herte, For that lust scholde him noght asterte. Whan that the thurst of love him cawhte, Wher that him list he tok a drauhte, He spareth nouther wif ne maide, That such another, as men saide, In al this world was nevere yit. He was so drunke in al his wit Thurgh sondri lustes whiche he tok, That evere, whil ther is a bok, Of Nero men schul rede and singe Unto the worldes knowlechinge, Mi goode Sone, as thou hast herd. Forevere yit it hath so ferd, Delicacie in loves cas Withoute reson is and was; For wher that love his herte set, Him thenkth it myhte be no bet; And thogh it be noght fulli mete, The lust of love is evere swete. Lo, thus togedre of felaschipe Delicacie and drunkeschipe, Wherof reson stant out of herre, Have mad full many a wisman erre In loves cause most of alle. For thanne hou so that evere it falle, Wit can no reson understonde, Bot let the governance stonde To Will, which thanne wext so wylde, That he can noght himselve schylde Fro no peril, bot out of feere The weie he secheth hiere and there, Him recheth noght upon what syde. For oftetime he goth beside, And doth such thing withoute drede Wherof him oghte wel to drede. Bot whan that love assoteth sore, It passeth alle mennes lore; What lust it is that he ordeigneth, Ther is no mannes miht restreigneth, And of the godd takth he non hiede. Bot laweles withoute drede, His pourpos for he wolde achieve Ageins the pointz of the believe, He tempteth hevene and erthe and helle, Hierafterward as I schal telle." [Sorcery and Witchcraft] Dum stimulatur amor, quicquid iubet orta voluptas, Audet et aggreditur, nulla timenda timens. Omne quod astra queunt herbarum siue potestas, Seu vigor inferni, singula temptat amans. Quod nequit ipse deo mediante parare sinistrum, Demonis hoc magica credulus arte parat. Sic sibi non curat ad opus que recia tendit, Dummodo nudatam prendere possit auem.3 "Who dar do thing which love ne dar? To love is every lawe unwar, Bot to the lawes of his heste The fissch, the foul, the man, the beste Of al the worldes kinde louteth. For love is he which nothing douteth. In mannes herte where he sit, He compteth noght toward his wit The wo no more than the wele, No more the hete than the chele, No mor the wete than the dreie, No mor to live than to deie, So that tofore ne behinde He seth nothing, bot as the blinde Withoute insyhte of his corage He doth merveilles in his rage. To what thing that he wole him drawe, Ther is no God, ther is no lawe, Of whom that he takth eny hiede; Bot as Baiard the blinde stede, Til he falle in the dich amidde, He goth ther no man wole him bidde; He stant so ferforth out of reule, Ther is no wit that mai him reule. And thus to telle of him in soth, Ful many a wonder thing he doth, That were betre to be laft, Among the whiche is wicchecraft, That som men clepen Sorcerie, Which for to winne his druerie With many a circumstance he useth, Ther is no point which he refuseth. The craft which that Saturnus fond, To make prickes in the sond, That Geomance cleped is, Fulofte he useth it amis; And of the flod his Ydromance, And of the fyr the Piromance, With questions ech on of tho He tempteth ofte, and ek also Aeremance in juggement To love he bringth of his assent. For these craftes, as I finde, A man mai do be weie of kinde, Be so it be to good entente, Bot he goth al another wente. For rathere er he scholde faile, With Nigromance he wole assaile To make his incantacioun With hot subfumigacioun. Thilke art which Spatula is hote, And used is of comun rote Among paiens, with that craft ek Of which is auctor Thosz the Grek, He worcheth on and on be rowe: Razel is noght to him unknowe, Ne Salomones Candarie, His Ydeac, his Eutonye; The figure and the bok withal Of Balamuz, and of Ghenbal The seal, and therupon th'ymage Of Thebith, for his avantage He takth, and somwhat of Gibiere, Which helplich is to this matiere. Babilla with hire sones sevene, Which hath renonced to the hevene, With cernes bothe square and rounde, He traceth ofte upon the grounde, Makende his invocacioun; And for full enformacioun The scole which Honorius Wrot, he poursuieth: and lo, thus Magique he useth for to winne His love, and spareth for no sinne. And over that of his sotie, Riht as he secheth sorcerie Of hem that ben magiciens, Riht so of the naturiens Upon the sterres from above His weie he secheth unto love, Als fer as he hem understondeth. In many a sondry wise he fondeth: He makth ymage, he makth sculpture, He makth writinge, he makth figure, He makth his calculacions, He makth his demonstracions; His houres of astronomie He kepeth as for that partie Which longeth to th'inspeccion Of love and his affeccion; He wolde into the helle seche The Devel himselve to beseche, If that he wiste for to spede To gete of love his lusti mede. Wher that he hath his herte set, He bede nevere fare bet Ne wite of other hevene more. Mi sone, if thou of such a lore Hast ben er this, I red thee leve." "Min holi fader, be youre leve Of al that ye have spoken hiere Which toucheth unto this matiere, To telle soth riht as I wene, I wot noght o word what ye mene. I wol noght seie, if that I couthe, That I nolde in mi lusti youthe Benethe in helle and ek above To winne with mi ladi love Don al that evere that I mihte; For therof have I non insihte Wher afterward that I become, To that I wonne and overcome Hire love, which I most coveite." "Mi sone, that goth wonder streite, For this I mai wel telle soth, Ther is no man the which so doth, For al the craft that he can caste, That he n'abeith it ate laste. For often he that wol beguile Is guiled with the same guile, And thus the guilour is beguiled. As I finde in a bok compiled To this matiere an old histoire, The which comth nou to mi memoire, And is of gret essamplerie Agein the vice of Sorcerie, Wherof non ende mai be good. Bot hou whilom therof it stod, A tale which is good to knowe To thee, mi sone, I schal beknowe. [Tale of Ulysses and Telegonus] Among hem which at Troie were, Uluxes ate siege there Was on be name in special, Of whom yit the memorial Abit, for whyl ther is a mouth, Forevere his name schal be couth. He was a worthi knyht and king And clerk knowende of every thing. He was a gret rethorien, He was a gret magicien; Of Tullius the rethorique, Of King Zorastes the magique, Of Tholomé th'astronomie, Of Plato the philosophie, Of Daniel the slepi dremes, Of Neptune ek the water stremes, Of Salomon and the proverbes, Of Macer al the strengthe of herbes, And the phisique of Ypocras, And lich unto Pictagoras Of surgerie he knew the cures. Bot somwhat of his aventures, Which schal to mi matiere acorde, To thee, mi sone, I wol recorde. This king, of which thou hast herd sein, Fro Troie as he goth hom agein Be schipe, he fond the see divers, With many a wyndi storm revers. Bot he thurgh wisdom that he schapeth Ful many a gret peril ascapeth, Of whiche I thenke tellen on, Hou that malgré the nedle and ston Wynddrive he was al soudeinly Upon the strondes of Cilly, Wher that he moste abyde a whyle. Tuo queenes weren in that yle Calipsa named and Circes; And whan thei herde hou Uluxes Is londed ther upon the ryve, For him thei senden als so blive. With him suche as he wolde he nam And to the court to hem he cam. Thes queenes were as tuo goddesses Of art magique sorceresses, That what lord comth to that rivage, Thei make him love in such a rage And upon hem assote so, That thei wol have, er that he go, Al that he hath of worldes good. Uluxes wel this understod: Thei couthe moche, he couthe more. Thei schape and caste agein him sore And wroghte many a soutil wyle, Bot yit thei mihte him noght beguile. Bot of the men of his navie Thei tuo forschope a gret partie, Mai non of hem withstonde here hestes; Som part thei schopen into bestes, Som part thei schopen into foules, To beres, tigres, apes, oules, Or elles be som other weie. Ther myhte hem nothing desobeie, Such craft thei hadde above kinde. Bot that art couthe thei noght finde Of which Uluxes was deceived, That he ne hath hem alle weyved, And broght hem into such a rote That upon him thei bothe assote; And thurgh the science of his art He tok of hem so wel his part That he begat Circes with childe. He kepte him sobre and made hem wilde, He sette himselve so above That with here good and with here love, Who that therof be lief or loth, Al quit into his schip he goth. Circes toswolle bothe sides He lefte, and waiteth on the tydes, And straght thurghout the salte fom He takth his cours and comth him hom, Where as he fond Penolopé. A betre wif ther mai non be, And yit ther ben ynowhe of goode. Bot who hir goodschipe understode Fro ferst that sche wifhode tok, Hou many loves sche forsok And hou sche bar hire al aboute, Ther whiles that hire lord was oute, He mihte make a gret avant Amonges al the remenant That sche was on of al the beste. Wel myhte he sette his herte in reste, This king, whan he hir fond in hele. For as he couthe in wisdom dele, So couthe sche in wommanhiede. And whan sche syh withoute drede Hire lord upon his oghne ground, That he was come sauf and sound, In al this world ne mihte be A gladdere womman than was sche. The fame, which mai noght ben hidd, Thurghout the lond is sone kidd, Here king is come hom agein: Ther mai no man the fulle sein, Hou that thei weren alle glade, So mochel joie of him thei made. The presens every day be newed, He was with giftes al besnewed; The poeple was of him so glad, That thogh non other man hem bad, Taillage upon hemself thei sette, And as it were of pure dette Thei geve here goodes to the king: This was a glad hom welcomyng. Thus hath Uluxes what he wolde, His wif was such as sche be scholde, His poeple was to him sougit, Him lacketh nothing of delit. Bot Fortune is of such a sleyhte, That whan a man is most on heyhte, Sche makth him rathest for to falle: Ther wot no man what schal befalle, The happes over mannes hed Ben honged with a tendre thred. That proved was on Uluxes, For whan he was most in his pes, Fortune gan to make him werre And sette his welthe al out of herre. Upon a dai as he was merie, As thogh ther mihte him nothing derie, Whan nyht was come, he goth to bedde, With slep and bothe his yhen fedde. And while he slepte, he mette a swevene: Him thoghte he syh a stature evene, Which brihtere than the sonne schon; A man it semeth was it non, Bot yit it was as in figure Most lich to mannyssh creature, Bot as of beauté hevenelich It was most to an angel lich. And thus betwen angel and man Beholden it this king began, And such a lust tok of the sihte, That fain he wolde, if that he mihte, The forme of that figure embrace; And goth him forth toward the place, Wher he sih that ymage tho, And takth it in his armes tuo, And it embraceth him agein And to the king thus gan it sein: 'Uluxes, understond wel this, The tokne of oure aqueintance is Hierafterward to mochel tene. The love that is ous betuene, Of that we nou such joie make, That on of ous the deth schal take, Whan time comth of destiné - It may non other wise be.' Uluxes tho began to preie That this figure wolde him seie What wyht he is that seith him so. This wyht upon a spere tho A pensel which was wel begon, Embrouded, scheweth him anon: Thre fisshes alle of o colour In manere as it were a tour Upon the pensel were wroght. Uluxes kneu this tokne noght, And preith to wite in som partie What thing it myhte signefie. 'A signe it is,' the wyht ansuerde, 'Of an empire,' and forth he ferde Al sodeinly, whan he that seide. Uluxes out of slep abreide, And that was riht agein the day, That lengere slepen he ne may. Men sein, a man hath knowleching Save of himself of alle thing; His oghne chance no man knoweth, Bot as Fortune it on him throweth. Was nevere yit so wys a clerk, Which mihte knowe al Goddes werk, Ne the secret which God hath set Agein a man mai noght be let. Uluxes, thogh that he be wys, With al his wit in his avis, The mor that he his swevene acompteth, The lasse he wot what it amonteth. For al his calculacion, He seth no demonstracion Al pleinly for to knowe an ende. Bot natheles hou so it wende, He dradde him of his oghne sone. That makth him wel the more astone, And schop therfore anon withal, So that withinne castel wall Thelamachum his sone he schette, And upon him strong warde he sette. The sothe furthere he ne knew, Til that Fortune him overthreu. Bot natheles for sikernesse, Wher that he mihte wite and gesse A place strengest in his lond, Ther let he make of lym and sond A strengthe where he wolde duelle; Was nevere man yit herde telle Of such another as it was. And for to strengthe him in that cas, Of al his lond the sekereste Of servantz and the worthieste, To kepen him withinne warde, He sette his bodi for to warde; And made such an ordinance, For love ne for aqueintance, That were it erly, were it late, Thei scholde lete in ate gate No maner man, what so betydde, Bot if so were himself it bidde. Bot al that myhte him noght availe, For whom Fortune wole assaile, Ther mai be non such resistence Which mihte make a man defence; Al that schal be mot falle algate. This Circes, which I spak of late, On whom Uluxes hath begete A child, thogh he it have forgete, Whan time com, as it was wone, Sche was delivered of a sone, Which cleped is Thelogonus. This child, whan he was bore thus, Aboute his moder to ful age, That he can reson and langage, In good astat was drawe forth. And whan he was so mochel worth To stonden in a mannes stede, Circes his moder hath him bede That he schal to his fader go, And tolde him al togedre tho What man he was that him begat. And whan Thelogonus of that Was war and hath ful knowleching Hou that his fader was a king, He preith his moder faire this, To go wher that his fader is; And sche him granteth that he schal, And made him redi forth withal. It was that time such usance, That every man the conoiscance Of his contré bar in his hond, Whan he wente into strange lond; And thus was every man therfore Wel knowe, wher that he was bore. For espiaile and mistrowinges Thei dede thanne suche thinges, That every man mai other knowe. So it befell that ilke throwe Thelogonus as in this cas; Of his contré the signe was Thre fisshes, whiche he scholde bere Upon the penon of a spere. And whan that he was thus arraied And hath his harneis al assaied, That he was redy everydel, His moder bad him farewel, And seide him that he scholde swithe His fader griete a thousand sithe. Thelogonus his moder kiste And tok his leve, and wher he wiste His fader was, the weie nam, Til he unto Nachaie cam, Which of that lond the chief cité Was cleped, and ther axeth he Wher was the king and hou he ferde. And whan that he the sothe herde, Wher that the king Uluxes was, Alone upon his hors gret pas He rod him forth, and in his hond He bar the signal of his lond With fisshes thre, as I have told. And thus he wente unto that hold, Wher that his oghne fader duelleth. The cause why he comth he telleth Unto the kepers of the gate, And wolde have comen in therate, Bot schortli thei him seide nay. And he als faire as evere he may Besoghte and tolde hem ofte this, Hou that the king his fader is. Bot they with proude wordes grete Begunne to manace and threte, Bot he go fro the gate faste, Thei wolde him take and sette faste. Fro wordes unto strokes thus Thei felle, and so Thelogonus Was sore hurt and welnyh ded; Bot with his scharpe speres hed He makth defence, hou so it falle, And wan the gate upon hem alle, And hath slain of the beste fyve; And thei ascriden als so blyve Thurghout the castell al aboute. On every syde men come oute, Wherof the kinges herte afflihte, And he with al the haste he mihte A spere cauhte and out he goth, As he that was nyh wod for wroth. He sih the gates ful of blod, Thelogonus and wher he stod He sih also, bot he ne knew What man it was, and to him threw His spere, and he sterte out asyde. Bot destiné, which schal betide, Befell that ilke time so, Thelogonus knew nothing tho What man it was that to him caste, And while his oghne spere laste, With al the signe therupon He caste unto the king anon, And smot him with a dedly wounde. Uluxes fell anon to grounde; Tho every man, 'The king! the king!' Began to crie, and of this thing Thelogonus, which sih the cas, On knes he fell and seide, 'Helas! I have min oghne fader slain. Nou wolde I deie wonder fain, Nou sle me who that evere wile, For certes it is riht good skile.' He crith, he wepth, he seith therfore, 'Helas, that evere was I bore, That this unhappi destiné So wofulli comth in be me!' This king, which yit hath lif ynouh, His herte agein to him he drouh, And to that vois an ere he leide And understod al that he seide, And gan to speke, and seide on hih, 'Bring me this man.' And whan he sih Thelogonus, his thoght he sette Upon the swevene which he mette, And axeth that he myhte se His spere, on which the fisshes thre He sih upon a pensel wroght. Tho wiste he wel it faileth noght, And badde him that he telle scholde Fro whenne he cam and what he wolde. Thelogonus in sorghe and wo So as he mihte tolde tho Unto Uluxes al the cas, Hou that Circes his moder was, And so forth seide him everydel, Hou that his moder gret him wel, And in what wise sche him sente. Tho wiste Uluxes what it mente, And tok him in hise armes softe, And al bledende he kest him ofte, And seide, 'Sone, whil I live, This infortune I thee forgive.' After his other sone in haste He sende, and he began him haste And cam unto his fader tyt. Bot whan he sih him in such plit, He wolde have ronne upon that other Anon, and slain his oghne brother, Ne hadde be that Uluxes Betwen hem made acord and pes, And to his heir Thelamachus He bad that he Thelogonus With al his pouer scholde kepe, Til he were of his woundes depe Al hol, and thanne he scholde him give Lond wher upon he mihte live. Thelamachus, whan he this herde, Unto his fader he ansuerde And seide he wolde don his wille. So duelle thei togedre stille, These brethren, and the fader sterveth. Lo, wherof sorcerie serveth. Thurgh sorcerie his lust he wan, Thurgh sorcerie his wo began, Thurgh sorcerie his love he ches, Thurgh sorcerie his lif he les; The child was gete in sorcerie, The which dede al this felonie. Thing which was agein kynde wroght, Unkindeliche it was aboght: The child his oghne fader slowh, That was unkindeschipe ynowh. Forthi tak hiede hou that it is So for to winne love amis, Which endeth al his joie in wo. For of this art I finde also, That hath be do for loves sake, Wherof thou miht ensample take, A gret cronique imperial, Which evere into memorial Among the men, hou so it wende, Schal duelle to the worldes ende. [Tale of Nectanabus] The Hihe Creatour of thinges, Which is the King of alle Kinges, Ful many a wonder worldes chance Let slyden under His suffrance: Ther wot no man the cause why, Bot He the which is almyhty. And that was proved whilom thus, Whan that the king Nectanabus, Which hadde Egipte for to lede, Bot for he sih tofor the dede Thurgh magique of his sorcerie, Wherof he couthe a gret partie, Hise enemys to him comende, Fro whom he mihte him noght defende, Out of his oghne lond he fledde; And in the wise as he him dredde It fell, for al his wicchecraft, So that Egipte him was beraft, And he desguised fledde aweie Be schipe, and hield the rihte weie To Macedoine, wher that he Aryveth ate chief cité. Thre yomen of his chambre there Al only for to serve him were, The whiche he trusteth wonder wel, For thei were trewe as eny stiel. And hapneth that thei with him ladde Part of the beste good he hadde. Thei take logginge in the toun After the disposicion Wher as him thoghte best to duelle. He axeth thanne and herde telle Hou that the king was oute go Upon a werre he hadde tho; Bot in that cité thanne was The queene, which Olimpias Was hote, and with sollempneté The feste of hir nativité, As it befell, was thanne holde; And for hire list to be beholde And preised of the poeple aboute, Sche schop hir for to riden oute At after mete al openly. Anon were alle men redy, And that was in the monthe of Maii, This lusti queene in good arrai Was set upon a mule whyt. To sen it was a gret delit The joie that the cité made; With freisshe thinges and with glade The noble toun was al behonged, And every wiht was sore alonged To se this lusti ladi ryde. Ther was gret merthe on alle syde. Wher as sche passeth be the strete, Ther was ful many a tymber bete And many a maide carolende. And thus thurghout the toun pleiende This queene unto a pleine rod, Wher that sche hoved and abod To se diverse game pleie, The lusti folk jouste and tourneie; And so forth every other man, Which pleie couthe, his pley began, To plese with this noble queene. Nectanabus cam to the grene Amonges othre and drouh him nyh. Bot whan that he this ladi sih And of hir beauté hiede tok, He couthe noght withdrawe his lok To se noght elles in the field, Bot stod and only hire behield. Of his clothinge and of his gere He was unlich alle othre there, So that it hapneth ate laste, The queene on him hire yhe caste, And knew that he was strange anon. Bot he behield hire evere in on Withoute blenchinge of his chere. Sche tok good hiede of his manere, And wondreth why he dede so, And bad men scholde for him go. He cam and dede hire reverence, And sche him axeth in cilence Fro whenne he cam and what he wolde. And he with sobre wordes tolde, And seith, 'Ma dame, a clerk I am, To you and in message I cam, The which I mai noght tellen hiere; Bot if it liketh you to hiere, It mot be seid al prively, Wher non schal be bot ye and I.' Thus for the time he tok his leve. The dai goth forth til it was eve, That every man mot lete his werk. And sche thoghte evere upon this clerk, What thing it is he wolde mene, And in this wise abod the queene And passeth over thilke nyht Til it was on the morwe liht. Sche sende for him, and he com, With him his astellabre he nom, Which was of fin gold precious With pointz and cercles merveilous; And ek the hevenely figures Wroght in a bok ful of peintures He tok this ladi for to schewe, And tolde of ech of hem be rewe The cours and the condicion. And sche with gret affeccion Sat stille and herde what he wolde. And thus whan he sih time, he tolde And feigneth with hise wordes wise A tale, and seith in such a wise: "Ma dame, bot a while ago, Wher I was in Egipte tho, And radde in scole of this science, It fell into mi conscience That I unto the temple wente, And ther with al myn hole entente As I mi sacrifice dede, On of the goddes hath me bede That I you warne prively, So that ye make you redy, And that ye be nothing agast; For he such love hath to you cast, That ye schul ben his oghne diere, And he schal be your beddefiere, Til ye conceive and be with childe.' And with that word sche wax al mylde, And somdel red becam for schame, And axeth him that goddes name, Which so wol don hire compainie. And he seide, 'Amos of Lubie.' And sche seith, 'That mai I noght lieve, Bot if I sihe a betre prieve.' 'Ma dame,' quod Nectanabus, 'In tokne that it schal be thus, This nyht for enformacion Ye schul have an avision, That Amos schal to you appiere, To schewe and teche in what manere The thing schal afterward befalle. Ye oghten wel aboven alle To make joie of such a lord, For whan ye ben of on acord, He schal a sone of you begete, Which with his swerd schal winne and gete The wyde world in lengthe and brede. Alle erthli kinges schull him drede, And in such wise, I you behote, The god of erthe he schal be hote.' 'If this be soth,' tho quod the queene, 'This nyht, thou seist, it schal be sene. And if it falle into mi grace, Of god Amos that I pourchace To take of him so gret worschipe, I wol do thee such ladischipe, Wherof thou schalt foreveremo Be riche.' And he hir thonketh tho, And tok his leve and forth he wente. Sche wiste litel what he mente, For it was guile and sorcerie, Al that sche tok for prophecie. Nectanabus thurghout the day, Whan he cam hom wher as he lay, His chambre be himselve tok, And overtorneth many a bok, And thurgh the craft of artemage Of wex he forgeth an ymage. He loketh his equacions And ek the constellacions, He loketh the conjunccions, He loketh the recepcions, His signe, his houre, his ascendent, And drawth fortune of his assent: The name of queene Olimpias In thilke ymage write was Amiddes in the front above. And thus to winne his lust of love Nectanabus this werk hath diht; And whan it cam withinne nyht, That every wyht is falle aslepe, He thoghte he wolde his time kepe, As he which hath his houre apointed. And thanne ferst he hath enoignted With sondri herbes that figure, And therupon he gan conjure, So that thurgh his enchantement This ladi, which was innocent And wiste nothing of this guile, Mette, as sche slepte thilke while, Hou fro the hevene cam a lyht Which al hir chambre made lyht. And as sche loketh to and fro, Sche sih, hir thoghte, a dragoun tho, Whos scherdes schynen as the sonne, And hath his softe pas begonne With al the chiere that he may Toward the bedd ther as sche lay, Til he cam to the beddes side. And sche lai stille and nothing cride, For he dede alle his thinges faire And was courteis and debonaire. And as he stod hire fasteby, His forme he changeth sodeinly, And the figure of man he nom, To hire and into bedde he com, And such thing there of love he wroghte, Wherof, so as hire thanne thoghte, Thurgh likinge of this god Amos With childe anon hire wombe aros, And sche was wonder glad withal. Nectanabus, which causeth al Of this metrede the substance, Whan he sih time, his nigromance He stinte and nothing more seide Of his carecte, and sche abreide Out of hir slep, and lieveth wel That it is soth thanne everydel Of that this clerk hire hadde told, And was the gladdere manyfold In hope of such a glad metrede, Which after schal befalle in dede. Sche longeth sore after the dai, That sche hir swevene telle mai To this guilour in priveté, Which kneu it als so wel as sche. And natheles on morwe sone Sche lefte alle other thing to done, And for him sende, and al the cas Sche tolde him pleinly as it was, And seide hou thanne wel sche wiste That sche his wordes mihte triste, For sche fond hire avisioun Riht after the condicion Which he hire hadde told tofore; And preide him hertely therfore That he hire holde covenant So forth of al the remenant, That sche may thurgh his ordinance Toward the god do such plesance, That sche wakende myhte him kepe In such wise as sche mette aslepe. And he, that couthe of guile ynouh, Whan he this herde, of joie he louh, And seith, 'Ma dame, it schal be do. Bot this I warne you therto: This nyht, whan that he comth to pleie, That ther be no lif in the weie Bot I, that schal at his likinge Ordeine so for his cominge, That ye ne schull noght of him faile. For this, ma dame, I you consaile, That ye it kepe so privé, That no wiht elles bot we thre Have knowlechinge hou that it is; For elles mihte it fare amis, If ye dede oght that scholde him grieve.' And thus he makth hire to believe, And feigneth under guile feith. Bot natheles al that he seith Sche troweth; and agein the nyht Sche hath withinne hire chambre dyht, Wher as this guilour faste by Upon this god schal prively Awaite, as he makth hire to wene. And thus this noble gentil queene, Whan sche most trusteth, was deceived. The nyht com, and the chambre is weyved, Nectanabus hath take his place, And whan he sih the time and space, Thurgh the deceipte of his magique He put him out of mannes like, And of a dragoun tok the forme, As he which wolde him al conforme To that sche sih in swevene er this; And thus to chambre come he is. The queene lay abedde and sih, And hopeth evere, as he com nyh, That he god of Lubye were, So hath sche wel the lasse fere. Bot for he wold hire more assure, Yit eft he changeth his figure, And of a wether the liknesse He tok, in signe of his noblesse With large hornes for the nones. Of fin gold and of riche stones A corone on his hed he bar, And soudeinly, er sche was war, As he which alle guile can, His forme he torneth into man, And cam to bedde, and sche lai stille, Wher as sche soffreth al his wille, As sche which wende noght misdo. Bot natheles it hapneth so, Althogh sche were in part deceived, Yit for al that sche hath conceived The worthieste of alle kiththe, Which evere was tofore or siththe Of conqueste and chivalerie; So that thurgh guile and sorcerie Ther was that noble knyht begunne, Which al the world hath after wunne. Thus fell the thing which falle scholde. Nectanabus hath that he wolde: With guile he hath his love sped, With guile he cam into the bed, With guile he goth him out agein. He was a schrewed chamberlein, So to beguile a worthi queene, And that on him was after seene. Bot natheles the thing is do. This false god was sone go, With his deceipte and hield him clos, Til morwe cam, that he aros. And tho, whan time and leisir was, The queene tolde him al the cas, As sche that guile non supposeth; And of tuo pointz sche him opposeth. On was, if that this god no more Wol come agein, and overmore, Hou sche schal stonden in acord With king Philippe hire oghne lord, Whan he comth hom and seth hire grone. 'Ma dame,' he seith, 'let me alone: As for the god I undertake That whan it liketh you to take His compaignie at eny throwe, If I a day tofore it knowe, He schal be with you on the nyht; And he is wel of such a myht To kepe you from alle blame. Forthi conforte you, ma dame, Ther schal non other cause be.' Thus tok he leve and forth goth he. And tho began he for to muse Hou he the queene mihte excuse Toward the king of that is falle, And fond a craft amonges alle, Thurgh which he hath a see foul daunted, With his magique and so enchaunted, That he flyh forth, whan it was nyht, Unto the kinges tente riht, Wher that he lay amidde his host. And whanne he was aslepe most, With that the see foul to him broghte And othre charmes, whiche he wroghte At hom withinne his chambre stille, The king he torneth at his wille, And makth him for to dreme and se The dragoun and the priveté Which was betuen him and the queene. And over that he made him wene In swevene, hou that the god Amos, Whan he up fro the queene aros, Tok forth a ring, wherinne a ston Was set, and grave therupon A sonne, in which, whan he cam nyh, A leoun with a swerd he sih. And with that priente, as he tho mette, Upon the queenes wombe he sette A seal, and goth him forth his weie. With that the swevene wente aweie, And tho began the king awake And sigheth for his wyves sake, Wher as he lay withinne his tente, And hath gret wonder what it mente. With that he hasteth him to ryse Anon, and sende after the wise, Among the whiche ther was on, A clerc, his name is Amphion. Whan he the kinges swevene herde, What it betokneth he ansuerde, And seith, 'So siker as the lif, A god hath leie be thi wif, And gete a sone, which schal winne The world and al that is withinne. As leon is the king of bestes, So schal the world obeie his hestes, Which with his swerd schal al be wonne, Als ferr as schyneth eny sonne.' The king was doubtif of this dom; Bot natheles, whan that he com Agein into his oghne lond, His wif with childe gret he fond. He mihte noght himselve stiere, That he ne made hire hevy chiere; Bot he which couthe of alle sorwe, Nectanabus, upon the morwe Thurgh the deceipte and nigromance Tok of a dragoun the semblance, And wher the king sat in his halle, Com in rampende among hem alle With such a noise and such a rore, That thei agast were also sore As thogh thei scholde deie anon. And natheles he grieveth non, Bot goth toward the deyss on hih; And whan he cam the queene nyh, He stinte his noise, and in his wise To hire he profreth his servise, And leith his hed upon hire barm; And sche with goodly chiere hire arm Aboute his necke ageinward leide, And thus the queene with him pleide In sihte of alle men aboute. And ate laste he gan to loute And obeissance unto hire make, As he that wolde his leve take. And sodeinly his lothly forme Into an egle he gan transforme, And flyh and sette him on a raile; Wherof the king hath gret mervaile, For there he pruneth him and piketh, As doth an hauk whan him wel liketh, And after that himself he schok, Wherof that al the halle quok, As it a terremote were. Thei seiden alle, god was there: In such a res and forth he flyh. The king, which al this wonder syh, Whan he cam to his chambre alone, Unto the queene he made his mone And of forgivenesse hir preide; For thanne he knew wel, as he seide, Sche was with childe with a godd. Thus was the king withoute rodd Chastised, and the queene excused Of that sche hadde ben accused. And for the gretere evidence, Yit after that in the presence Of king Philipp and othre mo, Whan thei ride in the fieldes tho, A phesant cam before here yhe, The which anon as thei hire syhe, Fleende let an ey doun falle, And it tobrak tofore hem alle. And as thei token therof kepe, Thei syhe out of the schelle crepe A litel serpent on the ground, Which rampeth al aboute round, And in agein it wolde have wonne, Bot for the brennynge of the sonne It myhte noght, and so it deide. And therupon the clerkes seide, 'As the serpent, whan it was oute, Went enviroun the schelle aboute And mihte noght torne in agein, So schal it fallen in certein: This child the world schal environe, And above alle the corone Him schal befalle, and in yong age He schal desire in his corage, Whan al the world is in his hond, To torn agein into the lond Wher he was bore, and in his weie Homward he schal with puison deie.' The king, which al this sihe and herde, Fro that dai forth, hou so it ferde, His jalousie hath al forgete. Bot he which hath the child begete, Nectanabus, in priveté The time of his nativité Upon the constellacioun Awaiteth, and relacion Makth to the queene hou sche schal do, And every houre apointeth so, That no mynut therof was lore. So that in due time is bore This child, and forth with therupon Ther felle wondres many on Of terremote universiel. The sonne tok colour of stiel And loste his lyht; the wyndes blewe And manye strengthes overthrewe. The see his propre kinde changeth, And al the world his forme strangeth; The thonder with his fyri levene So cruel was upon the hevene, That every erthli creature Tho thoghte his lif in aventure. The tempeste ate laste cesseth, The child is kept, his age encresseth, And Alisandre his name is hote, To whom Calistre and Aristote To techen him philosophie Entenden, and astronomie, With othre thinges whiche he couthe Also, to teche him in his youthe Nectanabus tok upon honde. Bot every man mai understonde, Of sorcerie hou that it wende, It wole himselve prove at ende, And namely for to beguile A lady, which withoute guile Supposeth trouthe al that sche hiereth. Bot often he that evele stiereth His schip is dreynt therinne amidde, And in this cas riht so betidde. Nectanabus upon a nyht, Whan it was fair and sterre lyht, This yonge lord ladde up on hih Above a tour, wher as he sih The sterres suche as he acompteth, And seith what ech of hem amonteth, As thogh he knewe of alle thing; Bot yit hath he no knowleching What schal unto himself befalle. Whan he hath told his wordes alle, This yonge lord thanne him opposeth, And axeth if that he supposeth What deth he schal himselve deie. He seith, 'Or Fortune is aweie And every sterre hath lost his wone, Or elles of myn oghne sone I schal be slain, I mai noght fle.' Thoghte Alisandre in priveté, 'Hierof this olde dotard lieth,' And er that other oght aspieth, Al sodeinliche his olde bones He schof over the wal at ones, And seith him, 'Ly doun there apart: Wherof nou serveth al thin art? Thou knewe alle othre mennes chance And of thiself hast ignorance. That thou hast seid amonges alle Of thi persone, is noght befalle.' Nectanabus, which hath his deth, Yit while him lasteth lif and breth To Alisandre he spak and seide That he with wrong blame on him leide. Fro point to point and al the cas He tolde, hou he his sone was. Tho he, which sory was ynowh, Out of the dich his fader drouh, And tolde his moder hou it ferde In conseil; and whan sche it herde And kneu the toknes whiche he tolde, Sche nyste what sche seie scholde, Bot stod abayssht as for the while Of his magique and al the guile. Sche thoghte hou that sche was deceived, That sche hath of a man conceived, And wende a god it hadde be. Bot natheles in such degré, So as sche mihte hire honour save, Sche schop the body was begrave. And thus Nectanabus aboghte The sorcerie which he wroghte. Thogh he upon the creatures Thurgh his carectes and figures The maistrie and the pouer hadde, His creatour to noght him ladde, Agein whos lawe his craft he useth, Whan he for lust his god refuseth, And tok him to the dievles craft. Lo, what profit him is belaft: That thing thurgh which he wende have stonde, Ferst him exilede out of londe Which was his oghne, and from a king Made him to ben an underling; And siththen to deceive a queene, That torneth him to mochel teene; Thurgh lust of love he gat him hate, That ende couthe he noght abate. His olde sleyhtes whiche he caste, Yonge Alisandre hem overcaste: His fader, which him misbegat, He slouh; a gret mishap was that. Bot for o mis another mys Was yolde, and so fulofte it is. Nectanabus his craft miswente, So it misfell him er he wente. I not what helpeth that clergie Which makth a man to do folie, And nameliche of nigromance, Which stant upon the mescreance. [Zoroaster] And for to se more evidence, Zorastes, which th'experience Of art magique ferst forth drouh, Anon as he was bore, he louh, Which tokne was of wo suinge. For of his oghne controvinge He fond magique and tauhte it forth; Bot al that was him litel worth, For of Surrie a worthi king Him slou, and that was his endyng. Bot yit thurgh him this craft is used, And he thurgh al the world accused, For it schal nevere wel achieve That stant noght riht with the believe. Bot lich to wolle is evele sponne, Who lest himself hath litel wonne, And ende proveth every thing. [Saul and the Witch] Saul, which was of Juys king, Up peine of deth forbad this art, And yit he tok therof his part. The Phitonesse in Samarie Gaf him conseil be Sorcerie, Which after fell to mochel sorwe, For he was slain upon the morwe. To conne moche thing it helpeth, Bot of to mochel no man yelpeth. So for to loke on every side, Magique mai noght wel betyde. Forthi, my sone, I wolde rede That thou of these ensamples drede, That for no lust of erthli love Thou seche so to come above, Wherof as in the worldes wonder Thou schalt forevere be put under." [Alexander and Aristotle] "Mi goode fader, grant mercy, Forevere I schal be war therby. Of love what me so befalle, Such Sorcerie aboven alle Fro this dai forth I schal eschuie, That so ne wol I noght poursuie Mi lust of love for to seche. Bot this I wolde you beseche, Beside that me stant of love, As I you herde speke above Hou Alisandre was betawht To Aristotle, and so wel tawht Of al that to a king belongeth, Wherof min herte sore longeth To wite what it wolde mene. For be reson I wolde wene That if I herde of thinges strange, Yit for a time it scholde change Mi peine, and lisse me somdiel." "Mi goode sone, thou seist wel. For wisdom, hou that evere it stonde, To him that can it understonde Doth gret profit in sondri wise; Bot touchende of so hih aprise, Which is noght unto Venus knowe, I mai it noght miselve knowe, Which of hir court am al forthdrawe And can nothing bot of hir lawe. Bot natheles to knowe more Als wel as thou me longeth sore; And for it helpeth to comune, Al ben thei noght to me comune, The scoles of philosophie, Yit thenke I for to specefie, In boke as it is comprehended, Wherof thou mihtest ben amended. For thogh I be noght al cunnynge Upon the forme of this wrytynge, Som part therof yit have I herd, In this matiere hou it hath ferd." Explicit Liber Sextus

sin committed ate (bit) too spicy mortal called Gluttony (see note) foolish judge (arbitrate) unlearned (layman) sea totally lost spent (powerless) [from] him is taken away must hindrance true person Whether grown senseless put to bed delirium (stupor) arises abruptly pass (let go) the cup!; (see note) in the morning; trust does most harm to him extirpates (removes) disasters (harms) unstable (perverse); (t-note) in order (metrical form) captivates securely lays slave to vice doting befuddled and infatuated called neither more nor nature judgment (common sense) strength taken; (see note) himself Bathsheba; overwhelmed overpowered confession trait besotted natural science; know a bit; (see note) by physical features pity do confess tormented utterly know not I gained knowledge of my lady since behavior deranged enter into group activities solitary; by myself alone knows; behavior stupid (misguided; unlearned) lose must so happen court dance (a kind of round dance) "dance in the newfangled way" out in public (in view) limbs scarcely walk beside me flee (t-note) Became; a time defeated limb stagger each to himself ails leap act in a lusty (or joyful) manner stare (take advisement) turn [away] desire; mind food rather blinking; eye saw greatest happiness therewith; rejoice burns do not know am filled with (welcome, receive, appropriate) heart sweetened wine had succeeded besottedness thinks God's bosom perceive fact certainty afrighted woe fire; gone folly thirst pains me worst of all pale; (see note) chills; shiver escape die key ice burning cold many/excellent; (see note) burn; freeze; heat experience pain and pleasure mingled eyes wet power stupefied where perpetually quenched forbid; drowned overwhelmed absence; the person of [my] lady before I know it become be enfeebled pleasure; lost relief (deliverance) (t-note) lack relief one draught [of love's drink] become sober difficulty (obstacle) by the fastening cord pointless Unless attempt what prohibited (denied) restrain aspect [of Gluttony] seems a pity to me assuages pain futilely person listen success before it happens (see note) wine cellar casks float Either one; sweet, spiced wine surpasses; understanding bitter grow faint suffering chief wine servant beloved; hateful laugh; glower bad [wine] comfort (emotional satisfaction); (see note) improves [it] also sick well bestowing cup With good fortune; themselves please turbid murky torment cask evening enfeebles slippery by chance sigh narcotic drink get well (see note) When bodily thirst seized him By; father's instructions war; East upper hand over glory barren (dry) (t-note) near; shores of Libya lack [you] who see all succeed safely; go before; eye sheep; who had scraped be raised prayed for counseled silent person desist not assuredly happen cask presents itself make sober trip Fair Isolde gave them Before; uncle better avoid follow wherever by chance feast; invited; (t-note) fiery spark half mad before their eyes maiden of one mind; unanimously despite dragged their drunken conduct suffered misfortune ear; (t-note) (see note) commonly drunk on wine lost; natural abilities mad (t-note) causes intelligence to wander So that; fears blinded destroyed foolish behavior continually By them who endure by judgment of punishment mitigate bowl senses entirely blame untied get rid of by discuss second [species of] called nurse pastries cooks; controlled taken care of (served) spicy foods called whole restraint (propriety) pleasing in order to please him cook; food prepare Unless; tempt lose cheese small [a thing] But; will find some fault health ordinary food cooks be careful that which exotic foods should degenerate dear against; custom medical theory Custom (t-note) at his disposal Unless guilty feed did; waste fasting happy countenance rest fed (as mother bird her nestling) believe; die eye tough digest defeated (checkmated) opportunity allay steal; (see note) please confess (see note) (see note) One; what hear otherwise escape food him = my eye one he = my eye sees; (see note) forehead; broad; smooth wrinkle of any blemish eyes like nose rosy complexion goes well with blame uncovered likeness; (t-note) shapely; waist thin; (see note) vitality sights perpetually bearing; (see note) behavior for the moment; (see note) depart eternally takes in pulls; (see note) peers gazes satisfy desire cook ear; its he = my ear lady's renown hear one say; (see note) nowhere manners concerns foods (see note) heart's physician sound (see note) not last forever little while cherry festival; (see note) Yet even so to say soothes food fared desirable; taste must; at night he = my thought late supper cook's; called hot seething placed; table complete bit I champ [futilely] wishes to heal himself sick, by stop three desires (joys); (see note) on air; (see note) hope entrust In respect to which [truly] voluptuous too greatly followed avoided openly clergy know purple fabric; precious linen; himself leper; time begged for food belly Even to give so much as a crumb poor man way provided for had fallen bodily infirmity destined Abraham's bosom it happened as happen it should moment overthrown any turning aside heavenly seat entreated passed beyond what you prayed for cool taste (sense [with your tongue]) rich man again proceed world turns destroyed suffer in response cautioned resurrected instructed eye made evident by the rich man (Lazarus') body refused value [so] that; denies [himself] As he [behaves] who is lord brooches precious stones even though he should wear (t-note) (t-note) seek (see note) nature devised Even though following the noon meal (t-note) one; time horse commanded second; he (the equestrian) (see note) The [one] whose; digested walked about Digested pleasure self-denial whole pleasure; not escape him proper order (off the hinges) err grows so wild protect without fear astray fearlessly afraid infatuates sorely teaching good faith (see note) (see note) command bows fears reckons not in woe; gladness heat; cold neither before or behind (i.e., nowhere) heart (see note) middle of the ditch where; command call paramour invented; (see note) sand Divination by Earth is called; (see note) Divination by Water Divination by Fire those Divination by Air Unless; direction (t-note) Divination with the dead; venture; (see note) smoky incense Divination with bones is called; (see note) usage pagans originator; (see note) one after the other in order (see note) moreover (see note) (see note) figures; (see note) (see note) foolishness astrologers seeks them astronomy (and astrology) pertains to its hell he (the devil) knew how to succeed love's desired results would ask never to fare better Nor know teaching before; advise; desist understand did not wish To do Provided that I won oppressively Despite; skill; devise does not pay for it beguiled (see note) reveal those who; (see note); (t-note) one by Remains; (see note) known (see note) Cicero [interpretation of] sleepy dreams i.e., navigation (see note) Hippocrates (t-note) unfavorable adverse despite the compass; (see note) shores of Sicily had to (t-note) shore immediately (gladly) took coast to become so madly in love knew vigorously plot (scheme) transformed their commands turned birds bears; owls them (Calypso and Circe) in nothing beyond nature avoided condition doted cleverness share (spoils) impregnated himself; them their wealth exempt from their power swollen up foam (see note) are plenty of excellent ones carried herself make a great boast one of the very best [good] health (prosperity) womanliness soon made known Their entirely tell presents; were produced showered ordered them to Taxation; themselves desired subject pleasure deceit most swiftly chance possibilities; head; (see note) peaceful security war out of kilter when harm eyes nourished dreamt; dream; (see note) saw a comely form human like desire eagerly two intimate fellowship grief (chagrin, misfortune) one of us then person (creature); tells pennant; undertaken one tower pennant; embroidered heraldic emblem royal estate; departed started just prior to understanding (knowledge) Except fate (destiny, circumstance) casts (as with dice) hinder (see note) dream considers Despite saw upset Telemachus; imprisoned guard truth security ordered to be made; lime and sand (cement) stronghold protect most certain most noble guarded condition protect; (t-note) whatever might happen ordered afflict protect a man must happen anyway forgotten as inevitably happened called knows place bidden aware custom emblem of allegiance born Because of spying; distrust at that time pennant mounted on a spear gear; made ready swiftly greet; times knew took Ithaca (Achaeia); (see note) called; asked at a swift gait emblem curtly threaten Unless seize; imprison took; despite all of them raised the battle cry immediately trembled (was disturbed) nearly insane for anger at him lept aside shall inevitably come then Then gladly the reasonable thing to do to himself ear loudly dream; dreamt Then knew; it (the dream) (t-note) sorrow; woe told him everything sent greetings to him knew bleeding; kissed swiftly peace power; look after died (see note) desire woe chose lost begotten through paid for slew unnaturalness in the wrong way chronicle (see note) Who wonder of the world's happenings Allowed to happen knows Except once (see note) approaching feared despite all direct way steel wealth lodging war (t-note) called birthday celebration since it pleased her to be beheld prepared herself after supper; publicly bedecked person; sorely longing timbrel beaten; (see note) singing and dancing playing onto the green park rode paused; waited; (see note) Who knew a sport near saw (see note) anything else eye immediately knew; foreign continually turning his face away quietly what his purpose was scholar And I came to you with a message here pleases you to hear (see note) must leave (see note) [thus] gets through the night astrolabe; brought pictures brought; show in order excitement (feeling) saw the right moment in this manner then read (studied) whole performed One; commanded advise secretly yourself affrighted set upon you precious love lover (bedfellow) grew quiet Hammon of Libya; (see note) believe see; proof prophetic dream you are conjoined (see note) conquer far and wide fear him promise called manage honor benevolence knew; intended magic wax; shaped reciprocal effect of planets; (see note) (see note) prepared anointed ignorant Dreamed saw, it seemed to her scales shone; sun with propriety close to her took dream stopped charm; started believed dream deed dream deceiver Who knew soon might trust keep his promise with her receive dreamt in sleep laughed believes; in preparation for prepared secretly Serve (wait upon); think emptied likeness (t-note) what she saw; dream before continually believes fear reassure; (t-note) sheep for the occasion knows desire who thought nothing done amiss offspring since i.e., Alexander conquered made evident And with his deceit kept hidden morning came, when then happenstance questions One secondly sees; give birth leave it to me promise any time before disgrace consequence sea fowl taken control of army fully asleep By means of what secret think dream engraved sun lion; saw impression; dreamed wisemen scholar As certain as life itself lain begotten animals (beasts) commands sun interpretation control himself creeping (crawling) aghast with fear die immediately harms none dais near bosom in return laid bend down paid homage to her (formally bowed) perched on a railing earthquake violent motion; flew lament whipping stick pheasant; their eyes egg creeps returned (t-note) around circumnavigate saw; (t-note) Observes; [a] discourse prescribes lost earthquake assumed; steel strongholds sea its own nature alters its form lightning Then; its life in peril watched over (nurtured) called Callisthenes; Aristotle; (see note) poorly steers just so it happened tower just as he recounts questions Either; mistaken character (place) escape In this instance; fool lies before i.e., whole body shoved Lie at some distance apart fate (t-note) has not come to pass rebuke Then; who drew private knew not made arrangements so that; buried paid for (see note) charms devil's rendered thought to have grief stop overturned; (t-note) (t-note) killed one evil (crime); evil (crime) given in return twisted awry before he died learning folly heresy (treachery) Zoroaster laughed sign; ensuing woe Assyria turn out well in accord with the [true] faith wool; poorly spun loses king of the Jews (see note) learn boasts; (see note) advise (see note) Apart from my concerns with love entrusted comfort me somewhat (see note) since; discuss Although they are not (t-note) improved